The CYP2D6 gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily. It metabolizes many pharmaceuticals, including codeine and debrisoquine.
Metabolized by CYP2D6 are among others the following substances:
Antiarrhythmics Flecainid, Lidocain, Propafenon
Antidepressants Amitriptylin, Citalopram, Clomipramin, DesipraminEscitalopram, Fluoxetil, Imipramin, Nortriptylin, Paroxetin, Venlafaxin, Vortioxetin
Antihistamines Pitolisant
Antiestrogens Tamoxifen
Antipsychotics Brexppiprazol, Iloperidon, Pimozid, Risperidon, Thioridazin
Cold medicine Dextromethorphan
Beta-blocker Carvedilol, Metoprolol, Propanolol
Opiates Codein, Oxycodon, Tramadol
Other Valbenazin, Eliglustat, Deutetrabenazin, Trabenazin, Atomoxetin
Research | Method | Carrier testing |
Turnaround | 5 days | |
Specimen type | genomic DNA |
Clinic | Method | Massive parallel sequencing |
Turnaround | 25 days | |
Specimen type | genomic DNA |
Clinic | Method | Genomic sequencing of the entire coding region |
Turnaround | 25 days | |
Specimen type | genomic DNA |
Clinic | Method | Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification |
Turnaround | 25 days | |
Specimen type | genomic DNA |
Disturbances of cytochrome p450 system | ||||
CYP1A2 | ||||
CYP2A6 | ||||
CYP2C9 | ||||
CYP2D6 | ||||
CYP3A4 | ||||
CYP4F2 | ||||
Siponimod intolerance | ||||
CYP2C9 | ||||
1. |
Nakamura K et al. (2002) CYP2D6.10 present in human liver microsomes shows low catalytic activity and thermal stability. |
3. |
Marez D et al. (1997) Polymorphism of the cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 gene in a European population: characterization of 48 mutations and 53 alleles, their frequencies and evolution. |
4. |
Steen VM et al. (1995) Homologous unequal cross-over involving a 2.8 kb direct repeat as a mechanism for the generation of allelic variants of human cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 gene. |
5. |
Broly F et al. (1995) A nonsense mutation in the cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 gene identified in a Caucasian with an enzyme deficiency. |
6. |
Saxena R et al. (1994) Identification of a new variant CYP2D6 allele with a single base deletion in exon 3 and its association with the poor metabolizer phenotype. |
7. |
Panserat S et al. (1994) DNA haplotype-dependent differences in the amino acid sequence of debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (CYP2D6): evidence for two major allozymes in extensive metabolisers. |
8. |
Johansson I et al. (1993) Inherited amplification of an active gene in the cytochrome P450 CYP2D locus as a cause of ultrarapid metabolism of debrisoquine. |
9. |
Chen X et al. (1995) The CYP2D6B allele is associated with a milder synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease. |
12. |
Gough AC et al. (1990) Identification of the primary gene defect at the cytochrome P450 CYP2D locus. |
13. |
Desmeules J et al. (1991) Impact of environmental and genetic factors on codeine analgesia. |
14. |
Koren G et al. (2006) Pharmacogenetics of morphine poisoning in a breastfed neonate of a codeine-prescribed mother. |
15. |
Gaedigk A et al. (1991) Deletion of the entire cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 gene as a cause of impaired drug metabolism in poor metabolizers of the debrisoquine/sparteine polymorphism. |
16. |
Gasche Y et al. (2004) Codeine intoxication associated with ultrarapid CYP2D6 metabolism. |
17. |
Nelson DR et al. (2004) Comparison of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes from the mouse and human genomes, including nomenclature recommendations for genes, pseudogenes and alternative-splice variants. |
18. |
Idle JR et al. (2000) Medical implications of HGP's sequence of chromosome 22. |
19. |
NCBI article NCBI 1565 |
20. |
OMIM.ORG article Omim 124030 |
21. |
Orphanet article Orphanet ID 241953 |
22. |
Wikipedia article Wikipedia EN (CYP2D6) |