A wide range of renal tubular disorders affect the calcium metabolism. Disturbances may result in hight (hypercalcemia) or low (hypocalcemia) serum levels. Always disturbances of calcium balance are associated with disturbances in parathormone and vitamin D metabolism.
The crucial role in calcium homeostasis plays parathormone (PTH). By the calcium sensing receptor the serum calcium level is measured and the secretion adjusted accordingly. The pathways by which PTH increases extracellular calcium is shown in the figure. PTH increases renal reabsorption and bone resorption. Enteral absorption is enhanced by activation of vitamin D.
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OMIM.ORG article Omim 601199 |