Die Glomerulonephritis ist eine Gruppe pathogenetisch ganz unterschiedlicher Erkrankungen, die eine entzündliche Veränderung des Glomerulums, der Filtrationseinheiten der Niere bewirken. Oft liegt der Erkrankung eine immunologische Störung zu Grunde, deshalb finden sich immer mehr genetische Veränderungen, die für eine solche Erkrankung verantwortlich gemacht werden können.
Die elementaren Symptome einer Glomerulonephritis sind Proteinurie und glomeruläre Hämaturie. Diese Symptome bestimmen auch die klinische Beschreibung als nephrotische oder nephritische Verlaufsform.
Die histopathologie führte nicht nur zu einer präziseren Diagnose sondern erlaubte auch eine Einteilung in morphologische Untergruppen und mit der Immunhistologie wurden auch der Grundstein für ein pathogenetische Einteilung gelegt.
In dem Maße wie die pathophysiologischen Zusammenhänge besser verstanden werden und die genetischen Ursachen der gesthörten immunologischen Vorgänge aufgedeckt werden können erlaubt dies künftig eine subtilere pathogenetische Einteilung.
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Wikipedia Artikel Wikipedia DE (Glomerulonephritis) |